Tuesday, 24 July 2012

Lack of Sleep and the Immune System


A group of researchers from Great Britain and Netherlands studied how human body reacts on lack of sleep. Like stress, lack of sleep (including chronic one) has negative effects on the immune system. 

During stress human body starts to produce granulocytic cells, a kind of leukocytes. Lack of sleep has the same effects. It was proved by a study in which participated 15 young people who slept 8 hours  daily during a week, after which they did not sleep for 29 hours.

Tests have shown that 29 hours of insomnia provoked not only increase in production of granulocytic cells but also break in rhythm of renewal of white blood cells. It was proved that lack of sleep may cause different diseases such as obesity, diabetes and increased blood pressure.

Researchers also say that chronic lack of sleep leads to absorption of body immune system. In the very near future they intend to make one more study during which they plan to study body reaction on stress at molecular level in order to understand how exactly lack of sleep provokes different diseases.

Scientists consider that results of the study are an occasion to overview schedule of work in professions which are connected with long periods of awakenings, for example, where people work in rotating teams.

Wednesday, 11 July 2012

How To Fight Summer Cold


It is considered that colds are winter problems. In fact, 20% cold-related diseases occur in summer months. To catch a cold in heat is not just an annoying confusion. Specialists say summer colds are more dangerous than winter ones because summer symptoms are not so manifestative. Many people do not pay attention to sore throat and running nose and therefore even do not try to treat them. So they feel sick for a longer time.

There exists another cause. Upper respiratory tract infections together with sore throat, cough, running nose, temperature increase are caused by parainfluenza viruses, coronaviruses and rhinoviruses. They circulate all the year round but in summer time enterovirus joins them and it shows with rash on skin and diarrhea. Enterovirus is transmitted not only via dirty hands but also via airborne. It means that risks to catch a virus in summer time even increases.

Why do we catch cold in summer?
1. Air-conditioner
Habitually we do escape from heat and prefer to stay in places with air-conditioners and ventilators, but namely they are major causes of colds. Permanently circulating air dries nasal mucosa that is a protective barrier against infections which makes viruses easily enter the body. Besides this, conditioned air is not only dry but also cold one and these are perfect conditions for virus replication.

Solution: do not do at home air colder than 21C. Ideally, the difference between air temperature in the house or office and outside must be not more than 5 – 7C.

2. Icy drinks
Sensation that icy drinks allay thirst is deceptive one. They do freshen up for a quite short time but for throat it is a real icy shock. Overchilled mucous loses its ability to fight viruses and bacteria. After ice cream and other diary products those effects are stronger than after icy juice or water.

Solution: do not drink beverages with ice. It would be better to eat slightly melted ice cream. It is necessary to drink beverages or eat cold food with small portions in order to let them warm in the month.

3. Journeys
In summer we do actively travel and microorganisms do travel with us. In hotels holidayer may face infections unknown before. There is a major risk to catch a virus in air plane. Restricted space of air plane together with very dry air is an ideal medium for disease transmission. It was proved that chance to catch a cold depends directly on duration of flight – the longer you fly, the higher the risks are.

Solution:
do not admit mucous drying, use rewetting drops and sprays for nose, drink more water. In vacations use antibacterial wet wipes. Remember that easiest way to catch cold is after flight during period of acclimatization. Those who like to spend time under the sun should know that the excess of solar radiation lowers the immunity.

Wednesday, 20 June 2012

Low Dose of Stress Strengthens Immunity


It is well known fact that chronic stress is destructive for the body, however, low doses of stress may be helpful. According to a research, acute stress has positive effects on human nature, makes him more accurate and punctual, and sets up his immune system.

During experiments scientists subjected participants to small stress by making them solve simple and difficult tasks, and then invited them to play a game connected with the ability to share. It turned out that those who experienced more stress, were more friendly, generous and trustworthy.

Acute stress helps to better memorizing, say scientists from Buffalo University, USA. Experiments were performed on rats and they showed that stressed animals digest information more quickly and do reproduce it more exactly. The point is that stress hormone cortisone has protective effects on prefrontal parts of brain cortex which controls emotions and learning.

Low dose of stress strengthens the immune system. Review of 300 scientific works showed that chronic stress weakens defense mechanisms of the body making it more vulnerable to infections. Short-term stress trains the immunity, making it more willing to fight pathogens.

Wednesday, 6 June 2012

Acai For Your Health


A group of medical workers carried out a research in Amazon rainforest and found that the natives show resistance to unbearable heat typical for this region. The natives who spent many time under the sun without cloths had no skin diseases (including cancer).

Besides this, they looked younger and kept energy and health till extreme old age. After analyzing their diet, scientists found that besides products common for this region, the natives consume little known berry called acai.

Scientists claim that berry Acai is most nutrimental and energy product in the world.

The secret of Acai was discovered only in 2004. The initiative of research belongs to Dr.Alex Schauss, who is director of natural and medicinal products research for the American Institute for Biosocial and Medical Research. The researches showed that today Acai occupies leading place among natural antioxidants. Thus, medical and biological research showed that Acai contains most antioxidants than any other edible fruit on the planet.

In fact, this amazon berry contains 33 times more antioxidants than red grapes, 18 times more than mangosteen, 4 times more than cranberries or wild bluberries which previously was considered a champion among antioxidants. Moreover, Acai contains 30 times more antioxidants and 10 – 20 times more anthocyanins than red wine.

Acai healthy properties

1. Acai contains same amount of proteins as cow milk, and with its energy values and fat content Acai even goes before it.
2. Acai contains vitamin A, B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (nicotinic acid), C (ascorbic acid), E (tocopherol), D, iron, potassium, phosphorus and calcium.
3. Acai contains fatty acids essential for human body such as Omega-6 and Omega-9 necessary for lowering of “bad” cholesterol in blood, and many other essential asids.
4. Acai contains cyanidine that prevents from development of obesity and diabetes. Latest studies show that Acai would play an important role in cancer treatment.

Monday, 21 May 2012

Preventive Measures Against Influenza


 Prepare healthy drink “80 berries”
Fill three liters of water into a pot, put 40 berries of brier and boil it on a very small fire for three hours. After this add necessary amount of water as it was in the beginning, put 20 berries and boil it again on a small fire for three hours. Add the rest of 20 berries, bring the amount of water to three liters and boil it for three hours again.

What is the effect?
In 9 hours  you will get a concentrate of multivitamin complex and other important micro and macro elements which may compete with tablet vitamins and strengthen protective powers of the body. Besides this, this beverage has a good diuretic effect which helps to quicker toxin release. A man may drink it in unlimited amounts.

Contraindications
People suffering from thrombophlebitis, endocarditis and heart failure should not drink this drink, because berries of brier increase blood coagulability.

Prepare Vitaminic Coffee
Mill berries of brier in coffee-grinder. Put them in a cup and fill it with boiling water. Let it infuse for 10 – 15 minutes.

What is the effect?
Due to small thermal processing in 100g of berries is kept 50 times more vitamin C than in 100g of lemon.

Contraindications
This drink is contraindicated to people who suffer from ulcer disease and gastritis because large amounts of vitamin C irritate stomach walls which leads to aggravation of inflammations.

Tuesday, 8 May 2012

Dementia Care is not a 9-5 job!

Unfortunately for my Dad he did have hallucinations that night which resulted in 100 mgs of Seroquel being administered. Thus, began my Dad’s downward spiral into a personal hell we are still struggling to correct.

By Ellen Belk
Alzheimer's Reading Room

This is a Call-to-Action to the myriad of ‘service providers’ that litter the landscape of Senior Care.

The operations, organizations and companies that cater to the care providers of the memory impaired.

Please keep in mind, that although your offices may shut down at 5pm each day and are closed on weekends, those of us who seek your help after hours are left to fend for ourselves in serious moments of crisis.

If you aren’t available, where are families to turn in their greatest moment of need?

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As an accomplished dementia care employee myself, I’ve personally guided families after regular business hours. I’ve greeted them at the door on a Sunday. I’ve held the hand of an anxious son, past 8pm on a Friday, when his father was moving in. I’ve answered my phone on holidays and weekends many times throughout my career. Professionally, I’ve made the conscious decision to be available to folks during their times of struggle.

Recently, my professional and personal worlds collided when I got the call from my 83 year old mother on a Sunday, that my dad had fallen and she was in the local Emergency room with him awaiting X-ray results. I, like so many other adult children of aging parents, am a long-distance care provider. I live in the South and my parents, in the Midwest.

On that Sunday, my dad awoke, like any other day. He dressed and had breakfast with my mom in the condo they share. Unfortunately he fell in the bathroom that day, sometime around Noon. Ten days prior to his fall, he’d visited his primary Doctor, where it was discovered that Dad had a UTI. Not uncommon for a man of 82 years. Although the Doctor had commented on my Dad’s noticeable weight loss, he prescribed a strong anti-biotic for the infection. In the days leading up to the fall, Dad had experienced nighttime hallucinations, which we now know may have been due to the medication.

Dad walked into the ER that Sunday with Mom and was able to fully explain to the hospital personnel what had happened. My parents were simply there as a precaution to make sure there were no hidden injuries, to be concerned about. As the hours dragged on, and they were still sitting in the waiting room, it became apparent that Dad would be held overnight in the hospital.

I immediately called my brother and sister, who live in the same state as my parents and alerted them of the situation. Because I’m familiar with how Hospitals treat those, who have hallucinations, I became anxious from long-distance with dread of what may happen if my Dad had one of those episodes overnight.

My brother and I spoke via phone as he drove to the hospital and I instructed him to find out if they ‘medically restrain’.

In an instant, I began a crash course with my siblings, who up until this incident were ignorant of the procedures and methods of an industry that isn’t equipped or trained to handle dementia-like behavior.

As a precaution, I called a well known company that provides companion services with the intention of hiring someone to stay with my dad overnight to ensure his safety. It was approximately 3 PM on that Sunday. The first company I contacted told me point blank that it was too short of notice for anyone from their office to assist. When I asked her if someone from another of their offices could help, she told me she wasn’t familiar with the area and I abruptly ended the call, as I quickly realized this was not going to be an easy task.

Through internet research, I found another office that served the area my parents were in, however was told again, it was too short of notice for them to be of any assistance. Realizing that industry professionals were not going to be our answer; my sister willingly agreed to hold vigil with Dad that night in the hospital. Because the X-rays had been negative, we all thought it would be a one night stay and he’d be home by late Monday.

Unfortunately for my Dad, he did indeed, have hallucinations that night which resulted in 100 mgs of Seroquel being administered. Thus, began my Dad’s downward spiral into a personal hell we are still struggling to correct. Dad had a significant adverse reaction to that medication and by Tuesday, he was unable to speak coherently, walk or feed himself. I arrived at the hospital on Wednesday and he didn’t even recognize me.

I reached out to various Geriatric Care Management companies in search of a professional advocate who would assist my family, when I had to return to my home. Unfortunately, I had to make those calls, after 5 PM, as time becomes your enemy when you are sitting bedside with your loved one all day.

And again, I was hearing automatic answering responses instructing me to call back during ‘normal business hours’. Normal? There is no normal when you are in crisis and seeking help for a loved one.

Our journey still continues and throughout our two month journey, we’ve endured Doctor’s who couldn’t be reached because they were on vacation, another Geriatric Care Management company who couldn’t provide weekend coverage and a primary Doctor who was too busy with patients to return our calls.

Newsflash to those of you touting your ‘Senior Care services’, find a way to be available after hours and on weekends. Because the reality is; crisis doesn’t always occur Monday thru Friday between 9 AM and 5 PM.

Surely, there has to be an organization who will realize this phenomenon and become an industry leader in offering services when the others have gone home for the day.

Ellen Belk is President of Keep In Mind™ and creator of Memory Magz™. Since 2001, Belk has specialized in developing programming for the memory impaired. A mature musician concert band, an intergenerational Senior Prom and a Fine Art appreciation program are amongst her professional highlights. Memory Magz™ are ‘magazine style’ picture publications with full page vibrant images purposefully designed for people with cognitive decline and/or developmental disabilities. As a public speaker, Belk engages the audience with her inter-active style and witty story telling. www.keepinmindinc.com.



More Insight and Advice from the Alzheimer's Reading Room

Original content Ellen Belk, the Alzheimer's Reading Room

LADA (LATENT AUTOIMMUNE DIABETES IN ADULTS)

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a disorder in which, despite the presence of islet antibodies at diagnosis of diabetes, the progression of autoimmune β-cell failure is slow. LADA patients are therefore not insulin requiring, at least during the first 6 months after diagnosis of diabetes. Among patients with phenotypic type 2 diabetes, LADA occurs in 10% of individuals older than 35 years and in 25% below that age. Prospective studies of β-cell function show that LADA patients with multiple islet antibodies develop β-cell failure within 5 years, whereas those with only GAD antibodies (GADAs) or only islet cell antibodies (ICAs) mostly develop β-cell failure after 5 years. Even though it may take up to 12 years until β-cell failure occurs in some patients, impairments in the β-cell response to intravenous glucose and glucagon can be detected at diagnosis of diabetes. Consequently, LADA is not a latent disease; therefore, autoimmune diabetes in adults with slowly progressive β-cell failure might be a more adequate concept. In agreement with proved impaired β-cell function at diagnosis of diabetes, insulin is the treatment of choice.

Diabetes Types
Key characteristics of type 1, LADA (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults), and type 2.

Type 1LADAType 2
Typical age of onset Youth or adultAdult Adult
Progression to insulin dependence Rapid (days/weeks)Latent (months/years) Slow (years)
Presence of autoantibodies* YesYes No
Insulin dependence At diagnosisWithin 6 years Over time, if at all
Insulin resistance NoSome Yes

 SURPRISE FINDING
 Doctors stumbled upon the LADA phenomenon quite by accident back in the 1970s. They were testing a way of identifying proteins called auto ­antibodies in the blood of people with type 1. The presence of these proteins is evidence of an attack by one’s own immune system. The new test was successful and confirmed for the first time that type 1 is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system kills off the beta cells in the pancreas, the makers of insulin.
As part of their study, the researchers also looked for the same auto antibodies in the general population and in people with type 2 diabetes (which is not an autoimmune disease). The proteins were virtually absent in the general population, but they showed up, to the scientists’ surprise, in about 10 percent of people diagnosed with type 2. This suggested that there was a subcategory of people who could now be diagnosed as having LADA instead, even though there was no obvious difference in their symptoms from those of people with type 2.
While not everyone has settled on calling the condition LADA (some prefer “type 1.5”), or even whether it’s distinct from type 1, researchers are working on a set of criteria for its diagnosis: 1) the presence of auto­antibodies in the blood, 2) adult age at onset, and 3) no need for insulin treatment in the first six months after diagnosis. This definition would distinguish LADA from type 1—because people diagnosed with type 1 typically need to start insulin immediately—and from type 2, because of the presence of auto antibodies in the blood.

The Warning Signs YOU May Have LADA

1. You are diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes while at a normal weight.

2. Whatever your weight, either you or a member of your family has some other autoimmune disease such as thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or multiple sclerosis.

3. You lower your carbohydrate intake shortly after diagnosis to no more than 15 grams a meal and still have a fasting blood sugar over 110 mg/dl and blood sugars that rise 40 mg/dl or more after each meal.

4. No matter what your weight, you do not see a dramatic drop in your blood sugar when you take metformin, Avandia, Actos, Januvia or Byetta in combination with a lowered carbohydrate intake.

5. Your blood sugar deteriorates significantly over the period of a year despite treatment with oral drugs and carbohydrate restriction.

What To Do To Get A LADA Diagnosis

If you think you have LADA ask your doctor for:

1. A fasting C-peptide test. If the value is low, it is suggestive of LADA.

2. GAD and Islets antibody tests. High levels of these antibodies are diagnostic of LADA especially in combination with lowered C-peptide.