EXAMINATION OF THE NOSE

Full nose examination assesses the function, airway resistance and occasionally sense of smell. It includes looking into the mouth and pharynx.

Common nasal diseases include:

v 

Airway obstruction

v  Rhinorrhoea (runny nose)

v  Sneezing

v  Loss of smell (Anosmia)

v  Facial pain

v  Snoring

HISTORY

The following history should be covered:

v  Allergies/atopic disease

v  Smoking

v  Pets at home

v  Occupation

v  History of previous surgery

v  Previous trauma

v  General medical history

INSPECTION OF THE NOSE

First look at the external nose. Ask the patient to remove any glasses. Look at the nose from the front and side for any signs of the following.

·                     Size and shape

·                     obvious bend or deformity

·                     swelling

·                     scars or abnormal creases

·                     Redness’s (Evidence of skin disease)

·                     discharge

·                     Offensive smell.

The nose can be inspected from the front to examine the anterior narse by lifting the tip of the nose up and looking inside the without a speculum. To assess the nasal airway hold a cold metal tongue compressor under both nostrils.

METHOD

Most Otolaryngologists use either a head mirrow or illuminated Spectacle with a speculum to open up the nose. insert the speculum gentle and identify the nasal septum, check for inflammation (rhinitis), position the septum and presence of polyps (touch to check sensitivity). A foreign body, usually accompanied by an offensive unilateral discharge, may be seen inside the nose of a child.

            Finally, examine the palate; look for large polyps and tumors arising from the soft palate.