Write briefly on the following

a.                 Fermentation

b.                 Pasteurization 

c.                 Cross contamination of food.

Fermentation

Fermentation is the process used to produce wine, beer, yoghurt and other products. Fermentation is also a metabolic process converting sugar to acid.

Fermentation is the breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeast, or other micro-organism, typically involving effervescence and giving off. Fermentation improves the flavour and texture of raw agricultural produce imparting a desirable sour taste to many foods such as Garri and Akamu which leads to the production of distinct flavor components.

Pasteurization

Pasteurization refers to the process of heating food normally a liquid, to a particular temperature for an exact length, pasteurization is one of the most important safety measures in milk processing, it is a method of heat treatment invented.

The pasteurization of milk is an important process that limits the spread of milk borne infection disease, is the process of heating liquids for the purpose of destroying viruses.

Cross Contamination

Cross contamination is one of the most common causes of food poisoning; it happens when harmful germs spread, bacteria can also be spread when handling raw meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs. It is also known as the transfer of bacteria from raw foods, unclean utensils or unclean surface to ready to eat food.